When using a cone crusher, safety is the top priority. To ensure operator safety, the long-term stable operation of the equipment, and achieving the desired product quality, a series of precautions must be strictly followed.

Here are the key precautions to take when using a cone crusher, categorized into several main areas:

I. Safety Precautions (Top Priority)

• Observe Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) Procedures: Before performing any inspection, maintenance, clearing blockages, or adjustments, you MUST completely cut off the power supply and implement lockout/tagout procedures to prevent accidental startup of the equipment.
• Wear Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): A hard hat, safety glasses, and hearing protection are basic requirements. Wear a dust mask when handling wear parts or performing tasks that may generate dust. Wear a face shield and gloves for tasks like welding or grinding.
• Keep the Work Area Clean: Promptly clean up oil spills, water stains, and material fragments from the floor and equipment to prevent slipping. Ensure the work area has adequate lighting.
• No Operation While the Equipment is Running: It is absolutely forbidden to put hands or any tools into the crushing cavity while the crusher is operating. Never clean, adjust, or repair the equipment while it is running.
• Familiarize with Emergency Stop Devices: All operators must know the location of the emergency stop buttons and ensure they are functional.

II. Precautions Before Starting

• Comprehensive Inspection:
  • Fasteners: Check if foundation bolts, main frame bolts, liner fastening bolts, etc., are loose.
  • Wear Parts: Check the wear of耐磨衬板 such as the mantle and concave. Replace immediately if wear exceeds the limit.
  • Transmission Components: Check if V-belts are worn and properly tensioned; check coupling alignment.
  • Foreign Objects: Check for any residual material or foreign objects in the crushing cavity.
• Lubrication System Check:
  • Check that the lubricating oil level is within the marked range.
  • Check if the oil is clean, free from contamination, water ingress, or deterioration.
  • Start the lubricating oil pump and check if the oil pressure and temperature are normal, and if there are any oil leaks. Do not start the main motor until the lubrication system is functioning correctly.
• Hydraulic System Check:
  • Check the hydraulic power unit oil level.
  • Check if the nitrogen pressure in the tramp release accumulators is within the specified range.
  • Check for leaks in hydraulic lines and fittings.
• Adjust the Discharge Setting: Adjust the discharge opening to the appropriate size according to the required product size before starting, and ensure the adjustment ring is locked.

III. Precautions During Operation

• Even Feeding: Use a feeding device (such as a vibrating feeder) to ensure continuous and even feeding. Avoid "choke" feeding or intermittent feeding, as this can cause overload, uneven product size, and abnormal liner wear.
• Strictly Prevent Tramp Iron: Strictly prevent metal parts (such as shovel teeth, drill bits, iron blocks, etc.) from entering the crusher. Although there is a tramp release system, frequent tramp iron events can severely damage the equipment. Installing magnets and metal detectors on the feed conveyor is an extremely effective preventive measure.
• Monitor Operating Parameters:
  • Current/Power: The main motor current is the most direct reflection of the equipment load. A continuously high current indicates possible overload or a cavity blockage.
  • Oil Temperature and Pressure: Closely monitor the lubricating oil's return temperature and supply pressure. Abnormally high oil temperature or dropping oil pressure are often precursors to failure.
  • Vibration and Noise: Pay attention to changes in equipment vibration and sound. Abnormal knocking sounds or severe vibration may indicate loose liners, excessive wear, or internal component damage.
• Avoid Unsuitable Materials: The moisture, viscosity, and compressive strength of the material should be within the equipment's design limits. Overly sticky materials can cause blockages, and overly hard materials will accelerate wear.

IV. Precautions After Shutdown

• Shutdown in Sequence: Stop feeding, wait until the material in the crushing cavity is completely crushed and discharged, then stop the crusher main motor. After the crusher stops, the lubricating oil pump should continue to run for a period (e.g., 15-30 minutes) to ensure the bearings are fully cooled.
• Implement Lockout/Tagout: After confirming the equipment has completely stopped, implement lockout/tagout procedures.
• Perform Routine Inspection and Maintenance: Use the downtime to check liner wear, fastener tightness, etc., and keep records to prepare for planned maintenance.