The establishment of a sand and aggregate production line follows the core process of "Preliminary Planning → Equipment Selection → Installation & Commissioning → Production & Operation". The key is to match raw material characteristics with production capacity requirements, while ensuring compliance and environmental protection standards.

1. Raw Material and Production Capacity Positioning

• Analyze raw material characteristics: Test the hardness (e.g., granite requires jaw crushers + cone crushers; limestone can use jaw crushers + impact crushers), moisture content, and mud content of ores. This directly determines subsequent equipment selection.
• Clarify production capacity requirements: Plan based on "hourly capacity" or "annual capacity". For example, a production line with an annual capacity of 1 million tons needs to be converted to hourly capacity (usually calculated with 300 working days per year and 10 working hours per day, resulting in an hourly capacity of approximately 330 tons).

2. Site Selection and Compliance Approval

• Site selection requirements: Be close to raw material mining areas (to reduce transportation costs), adjacent to water and power sources, and far from residential areas (to avoid environmental complaints). It must also comply with local land use planning.
• Approval process: Complete compliance approval in accordance with industry regulations of different countries and regions.

3. Process Route Design

• Conventional process route: Raw materials → Vibrating feeder → Primary crushing (jaw crusher) → Secondary crushing (cone crusher/impact crusher) → Sand making machine (if artificial sand is required) → Vibrating screen (classification) → Sand washing machine (mud and powder removal) → Finished product silo.
• Special treatment: If raw materials have high mud content, an additional pre-screening process is required; if finished product particle shape needs to be controlled, a shaping machine can be added.

1. Core Equipment Selection Logic

• Primary crushing equipment: Priority is given to jaw crushers, which are suitable for raw materials of various hardness, with large processing capacity and low failure rate.
• Secondary/fine crushing equipment: For high-hardness raw materials (e.g., granite), cone crushers are selected; for raw materials requiring high particle shape standards (e.g., concrete aggregates), impact crushers are selected.
• Sand making equipment: If producing artificial sand, vertical shaft impact crushers (VSI crushers) are selected, which can balance particle shape and production capacity.
• Auxiliary equipment: The vibrating feeder must match the capacity of the primary crusher; the number of screen layers of the vibrating screen should be designed according to finished product specifications (e.g., 3 screen layers are needed for three types of finished products: 0-5mm, 5-10mm, and 10-20mm).

2. Principles for Matching Equipment Capacity

• Follow the principle that "the capacity of the previous equipment is slightly larger than that of the next equipment". For example, if the hourly capacity of the primary crusher is 350 tons, the secondary crusher should be selected with a capacity of 300-330 tons to avoid overloading of the next equipment.
• Avoid "a small machine handling excessive load". For example, using a sand making machine with an hourly capacity of 200 tons to match a secondary crusher with 300 tons capacity will cause blockage of the sand making machine and reduce production efficiency.

1. Key Points of Installation and Commissioning

• Foundation construction: Equipment foundations must be poured in accordance with the manufacturer's drawings to ensure strength (e.g., the foundation of the jaw crusher needs to withstand large impact forces, and the concrete strength should not be lower than C30). A drainage slope should also be reserved.
• Linkage commissioning: First conduct single-machine commissioning (check motor rotation direction and bearing temperature), then conduct linkage commissioning (simulate full-process production to test the smooth connection of each equipment). During commissioning, production capacity should be increased gradually to avoid direct full-load operation.

2. Production, Operation and Maintenance

• Daily maintenance: Regularly check wearing parts (e.g., jaw crusher liners, sand making machine impellers) and replace lubricating oil in accordance with instructions to avoid substandard finished product particle size or equipment failure due to part wear.
• Environmental protection measures: Equip with pulse dust collectors (for dust treatment), sand washing wastewater recycling systems (for water reuse), and sound insulation covers (for noise reduction) to ensure compliance with environmental emission requirements.
• Quality control: Adjust finished product classification through vibrating screens, control mud content with sand washing machines (the mud content of finished sand should be ≤ 3%), and regularly test the particle gradation of finished products to ensure compliance with the national standard GB/T 14684-2022 "Sand for Construction".

1. Cost Composition

It mainly includes equipment procurement costs (accounting for 40%-50% of total investment), civil engineering costs (15%-20%), and operating costs (electricity fees, labor costs, wearing parts costs).

2. Risk Avoidance

Conduct sufficient market research in the early stage to avoid overcapacity; strictly abide by environmental protection and safety regulations to avoid project shutdown.